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da/dN = C * (ΔK)^m
In a large industrial plant, a critical component, a high-pressure pipeline, failed catastrophically, resulting in significant damage and downtime. The pipeline was made of a high-strength steel alloy, with a wall thickness of 2 inches and an outside diameter of 12 inches. It was designed to operate at pressures up to 1000 psi.
The team compared this value to the fracture toughness:
The team used the following equation to calculate the stress intensity factor:
The team integrated this equation over the number of pressure cycles to estimate the final crack length: